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12/06/2013

Noise pollution is the disturbing or excessive noise that may harm the activity or balance of human or animal life. The source of most outdoor noise worldwide is mainly caused by machines and transportation systems, motor vehicles, aircraft, and trains.Outdoor noise is summarized by the wordenvironmental noise. Poor urban planning may give rise to noise pollution, since side-by-side industrial and residential buildings can result in noise pollution in the residential areas.
Indoor noise is caused by machines, building activities, music performances, and especially in some workplaces. There is no great difference whethernoise-induced hearing loss is brought about by outside (e.g. trains) or inside (e.g. music) noise.
Noise health effects are the health consequences of elevated sound levels. Elevated workplace or other noise can cause hearing impairment, hypertension, ischemic heart disease, annoyance, and sleep disturbance. Changes in the immune system and birth defectshave been attributed to noise exposure
High noise levels can contribute to cardiovascular effects in humans, a rise in blood pressure, and an increase in stress and vasoconstriction, and an increased incidence of coronary artery disease. In animals, noise can increase the risk of death by altering predator or prey detection and avoidance, interfere with reproduction and navigation, and contribute to permanent hearing loss.
Although some presbycusis may occur naturally with age,in many developed nations the cumulative impact of noise is sufficient to impair the hearing of a large fraction of the population over the course of a lifetime. Noise exposure also has been known to inducetinnitus, hypertension, vasoconstriction, and other cardiovascular adverse effects.
Beyond these effects, elevated noise levels can create stress, increase workplace accident rates, and stimulate aggression and other anti-social behaviors.The most significant causes are vehicle and aircraft noise, prolonged exposure to loud music, and industrial noise. In Norway, road traffic has been demonstrated to cause almost 80% of the noise annoyances reported.
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12/05/2013

Gram's powder is simply the grinded floor made after Dry cooking the grams of which Regular habit has great health benefits concerning The gastrointestinal benefits.

Gram flour is a pulse flour made from ground chickpeas or chana dahl. It is also known as chickpea flour (Tamil: à®•à®Ÿà®²ை à®®ாவு), ground flour(Kannada: à²•à²¡್ಲೆ ಹಿಟ್ಟು), garbanzo flour, or besan (Bengali: à¦¬েসন Urdu: Ø¨ÛŒØ³Ù†‎). Used in many countries, it is a staple ingredient in Indian, Pakistani andBangladeshi cuisines. Gram flour can be made from either raw chickpeas or roasted chickpeas. The roasted variety is more flavorful, while the raw variety has a slightly bitter taste.In the form of a paste with water or yogurt, it is also popular as a facial exfoliant in the Indian Subcontinent.When mixed with an equal proportion of water, it can be used as an egg replacer in vegan cooking.Cade (also known as Socca), a thin pancake made with gram flour batter, cooked in a pizza oven, is a popular street and fast food in Southern France in the cities of Toulon and Nice.Chila (or chilla), a pancake made with gram flour batter, is a popular street and fast food in India.
Gram flour contains a high proportion of carbohydrates but no gluten. Despite this, in comparison to other flours, it has a relatively high proportion of protein.
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11/28/2013
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Cholalithiasis is simply the health disorder Related with gall bladder which is caused by the accumulation of the stone in the bladder .A gallstone is a crystalline concretion formed within the gallbladder by accretion of bile components. These calculi are formed in the gallbladder but may distally pass into other parts of the biliary tract such as the cystic duct, common bile duct, pancreatic duct or the ampulla of Vater. Rarely, in cases of severe inflammation, gallstones may erode through the gallbladder into adherent bowel potentially causing an obstruction termed gallstone ileus.


Gall stone USGPresence of gallstones in the gallbladder may lead to acute cholecystitis, an inflammatory condition characterized by retention of bile in the gallbladder and often secondary infection by intestinal microorganisms, predominantly Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, Enterobacter and Bacteroidesspecies. Presence of gallstones in other parts of the biliary tract can cause obstruction of the bile ducts, which can lead to serious conditions such as ascending cholangitis or pancreatitis. Either of these two conditions can be life-threatening and are therefore considered to be medical emergencies.
REMEDY:
Medical
Cholesterol gallstones can sometimes be dissolved by oral ursodeoxycholic acid, but it may be necessary for the patient to take this medication for up to two years. Gallstones may recur, however, once the drug is stopped. Obstruction of the common bile duct with gallstones can sometimes be relieved by endoscopic retrograde sphincterotomy (ERS) following endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Gallstones can be broken up using a procedure called extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (often simply called "lithotripsy"),which is a method of concentrating ultrasonic shock waves onto the stones to break them into tiny pieces. They are then passed safely in the feces. However, this form of treatment is suitable only when there is a small number of gallstones.
Surgical
Cholecystectomy (gallbladder removal) has a 99% chance of eliminating the recurrence of cholelithiasis. Surgery is only indicated in symptomatic patients. The lack of a gallbladder may have no negative consequences in many people. However, there is a portion of the population — between 10 and 15% — who develop a condition called postcholecystectomy syndrome which may cause gastrointestinal distress and persistent pain in the upper-right abdomen, as well as a 10% risk of developing chronic diarrhea.
There are two surgical options for cholecystectomy:
  • Open cholecystectomy is performed via an abdomenal incision (laparotomy) below the lower right ribs. Recovery typically requires 3–5 days of hospitalization, with a return to normal diet a week after release and to normal activity several weeks after release.
  • Laparoscopic cholecystectomy, introduced in the 1980s, is performed via three to four small puncture holes for a camera and instruments. Post-operative care typically includes a same-day release or a one night hospital stay, followed by a few days of home rest and pain medication.Laparoscopic cholecystectomy patients can, in general, resume normal diet and light activity a week after release, with some decreased energy level and minor residual pain continuing for a month or two. Studies have shown that this procedure is as effective as the more invasive open cholecystectomy, provided the stones are accurately located by cholangiogram prior to the procedure so that they can all be removed.


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11/14/2013
Much has been made about the lack of jobs for veterans, and in fact the unemployment rate for veterans of the Iraq and Afghanistan wars stands at
10%, compared to 6.8% of the civilian population. But the insufficient attention given to veterans' health -- especially mental health -- is actually the greatest risk to returning service members.
There are approximately 2.6 million American service members who fought in Iraq or Afghanistan, and there have been 1.5 million new veterans since 2001. As a retired Marine, I have witnessed firsthand the hardships facing our returning men and women, and know the difficulties don't end when their tours are over.


An estimated 20% of Afghanistan and Iraq veterans screen positive for PTSD or depression, and the mental health community is, at best, disjointed in dealing with this. Veteran's Affairs spent $6.2 billion -- up slightly from last year -- on inpatient, residential, and outpatient mental health programs, but veterans are still having difficulties being treated. In fact, the VA recently released data showing that a third of veterans seeking mental health appointments wait longer than 14 days. In cities like Orlando, Houston and Los Angeles' VA hospitals, the wait times are even higher. In Houston, for instance, veterans waited an average of 28 days for an appointment. The initial step to seek treatment can be a hurdle in and of itself, and half of those with PTSD go untreated.
 
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11/07/2013


Kidneys:The kidneys are the waste filtering and disposal system of the body. As much as 1/3 of all blood leaving the heart passes into the kidneys to be filtered before flowing to the rest of the body’s tissues. While a person could live with only one functioning kidney, our kidneys are vital organs; the loss of both kidneys would lead to a rapid accumulation of wastes and death within a few days

Location:
The kidneys are a pair of organs found along the posterior muscular wall of the abdominal cavity. The left kidney is located slightly more superior than the right kidney due to the larger size of the liver on the right side of the body. Unlike the other abdominal organs, the kidneys lie behind the peritoneum that lines the abdominal cavity and are thus considered to be retroperitoneal organs. The ribs and muscles of the back protect the kidneys from external damage. Adipose tissue known as perirenal fat surrounds the kidneys and acts as protective padding.
Structure
The kidneys are bean-shaped with the convex side of each organ located laterally and the concave side medial. The indentation on the concave side of the kidney, known as the renal hilus, provides a space for the renal artery, renal vein, and ureter to enter the kidney.
A thin layer of fibrous connective tissue forms the renal capsule surrounding each kidney. The renal capsule provides a stiff outer shell to maintain the shape of the soft inner tissues.
Deep to the renal capsule is the soft, dense, vascular renal cortex. Seven cone-shaped renal pyramids form the renal medulla deep to the renal cortex. The renal pyramids are aligned with their bases facing outward toward the renal cortex and their apexes point inward toward the center of the kidney.
Each apex connects to a minor calyx, a small hollow tube that collects urine. The minor calyces merge to form 3 larger major calyces, which further merge to form the hollow renal pelvis at the center of the kidney. The renal pelvis exits the kidney at the renal hilus, where urine drains into the ureter
The Nephron(Uriniferous tubules)
Each kidney contains around 1 million individual nephrons, the kidneys’ microscopic functional units that filter blood to produce urine. The nephron is made of 2 main parts: 
.                                               
 Nephrone with
   glomerular

The renal corpuscle and the renal tubule
Responsible for filtering the blood, our renal corpuscle is formed by the capillaries of the glomerulus and the glomerular capsule (also known as Bowman’s capsule). The glomerulus is a bundled network of capillaries that increases the surface area of blood in contact the blood vessel walls. Surrounding the glomerulus is the glomerular capsule, a cup-shaped double layer of simple squamous epithelium with a hollow space between the layers. Special epithelial cells known as podocytes form the layer of the glomerular capsule surrounding the capillaries of the glomerulus. Podocytes work with the endothelium of the capillaries to form a thin filter to separate urine from blood passing through the glomerulus. The outer layer of the glomerular capsule holds the urine separated from the blood within the capsule. At the far end of the glomerular capsule, opposite the glomerulus, is the mouth of the renal tubule.
Filtration, Reabsorption, and Secretion:
The kidneys filter blood as it passes through the capillaries that form the glomerulus. Blood pressure forces most of the blood plasma through the lining of the capillaries and into the glomerular capsule. Blood cells are too large to pass through the capillary lining and so remain within the capillaries along with some residual plasma. The filtered plasma, now known as tubular fluid, begins to flow out of the glomerular capsule and into the proximal convoluted tubule.

At the same time, the concentrated blood that remains inside the capillaries of the glomerulus moves into the efferent arterioles and on to the peritubular capillaries surrounding the proximal convoluted tubule. Epithelial cells lining the tubule actively reabsorb valuable molecules of glucose, amino acids, and ions from the filtrate and deposit them back into the blood. These cells also absorb any waste products remaining in the blood (such as ammonia and creatinine) and secrete these chemicals into the filtrate. While these solutes are being exchanged, osmotic pressure pushes water from the dilute, hypotonic filtrate back into the concentrated, hypertonic blood.
From the proximal convoluted tubule, the tubular fluid next enters the loop of Henle, where water and ions are reabsorbed. The descending limb of the loop of Henle is permeable to water and carries the filtrate deep into the medulla of the kidney. Tissues in the medulla surrounding the tubule contain a high concentration of ions and very little water compared to the filtrate. Osmotic pressure between the hypotonic filtrate and hypertonic medullary cells pushes water out of the filtrate and into the cells. The cells of the medulla return this water to the blood flowing through nearby capillaries.
Filtrate next passes through the ascending limb of the loop of Henle as it exits the medulla. The tissues surrounding the ascending limb are not permeable to water but are permeable to ions. The filtrate is very concentrated after passing through the descending limb, so ions easily diffuse out of the filtrate and into the cells lining the ascending limb. These ions are returned to the blood flowing through nearby capillaries.
Tubular fluid exiting the loop of Henle next passes through the distal convoluted tubule and the collecting duct of the nephron. These tubules continue to reabsorb small amounts of water and ions that are still left in the filtrate. The tissues surrounding the collecting duct actively absorb excess potassium and hydrogen ions from the nearby capillaries and secrete these excess ions as waste into the filtrate.
When filtrate reaches the end of the collecting duct, almost all of the valuable nutrients, ions, and water have been returned to the blood supply while waste products and a small amount of water are left to form urine. The urine exits the collecting duct and joins with urine from other collecting ducts in the renal pelvis

 


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11/06/2013
In the country like India , Nepal and some other Asian or African country people use much oily and spicy food in their daily life and also  in the very poor region like Somalia The people face a very big problem of starvation. These both are the common reason behind the different types of gastrointestinal disorder and specially the acidity, commonly Known as the gastritis.

It is very difficult to cure this disorder completely but can be minimize or neutralize  its effects by the use of an antacid tablet,capsul or the syrup.The most common and essily available antacid is pantoprazole.It is also known as Protonix.Commonly it is found in 20mg or 40mg in different names like Pantop,pentocid,Pantium and so on.It may also be used intravenously as inj. Pantocid.
Some information on pantoprazole:
 Pantoprazol is in a group of drugs called proton pump inhibitors. It decreases the amount of acid produced in the stomach.
Pantoprazole is used to treat erosive esophagitis (damage to the esophagus from stomach acid), and other conditions involving excess stomach acid such as Zollinger-Ellison syndrome.
Pantoprazole is not for immediate relief of heartburn symptoms.
Pantoprazole may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide.
Precaution :
pentaprazol tablet
40mg
1.Pantoprazole can pass into breast milk and may harm a nursing baby. Do not use this medication without Consulting your Physician if you are breast-feeding a baby.
2.Take pantoprazole exactly as prescribed by your doctor. Do not take in larger or smaller amounts or for longer than recommended. Follow the directions on your prescription label.

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11/05/2013
The word meditation carries different meanings in different contexts. Meditation has been practiced since antiquity as a component of numerous religious traditions and beliefs. Meditation often involves an internal effort to self-regulate the mind in some way. Meditation is often used to clear the mind and ease many health issues, such as high blood pressure,depression, and anxiety. It may be done sitting, or in an active way – for instance, Buddhist monks involve awareness in their day-to-day activities as a form of mind-training. Prayer beads or other ritual objects are commonly used during meditation in order to keep track of or remind the practitioner about some aspect of the training.

Meditation may involve generating an emotional state for the purpose of analyzing that state – such as anger, hatred, etc. – or cultivating particular mental response to various phenomena, such as compassion.The term "meditation" can refer to the state itself, as well as to practices or techniques employed to cultivate the state. Meditation may also involve repeating a mantra and closing the eyes.The mantra is chosen based on its suitability to the individual meditator. Meditation has a calming effect and directs awareness inward until pure awareness is achieved, described as "being awake inside without being aware of anything except awareness itself." In brief, there are dozens of specific styles of meditation practice, and many different types of activity commonly referred to as meditative practices.

Types of meditation:

Meditation is an umbrella term for the many ways to a relaxed state of being. There are many types of meditation and relaxation techniques that have meditation components. All share the same goal of achieving inner peace.
Ways to meditate can include:

1.Guided meditation. Sometimes called guided imagery or visualization, with this method of meditation you form mental images of places or situations you find relaxing. You try to use as many senses as possible, such as smells, sights, sounds and textures. You may be led through this process by a guide or teacher.

2.Mantra meditation. In this type of meditation, you silently repeat a calming word, thought or phrase to prevent distracting thoughts.

3.Mindfulness meditation. This type of meditation is based on being mindful, or having an increased awareness and acceptance of living in the present moment. You broaden your conscious awareness. You focus on what you experience during meditation, such as the flow of your breath. You can observe your thoughts and emotions but let them pass without judgment.

4.Qi gong. This practice generally combines meditation, relaxation, physical movement and breathing exercises to restore and maintain balance. Qi gong (CHEE-gung) is part of traditional Chinese medicine.

5.Tai chi. This is a form of gentle Chinese martial arts. In tai chi (TIE-chee), you perform a self-paced series of postures or movements in a slow, graceful manner while practicing deep breathing.

6.Transcendental meditation. You use a mantra, such as a word, sound or phrase repeatedly silently, to narrow your conscious awareness and eliminate all thoughts from your mind. You focus exclusively on your mantra to achieve a state of perfect stillness and consciousness.

7.Yoga. You perform a series of postures and controlled breathing exercises to promote a more flexible body and a calm mind. As you move through poses that require balance and concentration, you're encouraged to focus less on your busy day and more on the moment.

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11/04/2013
We all know wery well that this whole world is occupied in greater amount by the Water resources than the land or other things.On the other hand more then 90% of the  the living body of any organism is composed of  Water.In this sence also we can imagine that how much water is needed by our body regularly!
 As humans, we are composed of approximately 70 percent of the stuff and nearly every aspect of our body's function calls for the fluid. Water makes up much of the medium that helps our cells communicate with each other. While it's a fact we can only survive a few days at best without water, is eight glasses a day really necessary? This can be answer as follow:
is the person's general health status? Patients with chronic pain need to seriously evaluate their water intake. Clinically, patients have noticed improvements in treatments they were already pursuing, such as chiropractic work, acupuncture or massage, just by being better hydrated.

  • Is the person doing activities that increase water loss (sweating)? Is the person working out extensively, or do they have a job that frequently puts them outside in the heat?
  • Does the person drink a lot of coffee or soft drinks? Coffee can act as a diuretic, which means it may increase urination. “A lot” of coffee in this case would be defined as 3 or more 6-ounce cups a day. Regular or diet soft drinks pose many health issues. Those drinking multiple cans of pop a day may not be getting enough water.
    • One of the biggest problems those who drink high volumes of coffee or soft drinks run into, is that those beverages eventually replace water as the daily form of hydration. Again, coffee is a diuretic. So excessive amounts of coffee can actually worsen the water balance in the body. If this situation goes on long enough, patients could encounter nagging pains that don’t respond to conventional therapy.

    The need for water is so great in the body that a physician wrote an entire book on how those with chronic neck and back pain need to consider the amount they are getting [1]. High coffee intake could also cause losses of minerals and calcium. Everyone should realize that hydration can not come from any other source but water.

    There is very little data on exactly how much water a person should drink, however, the old suggestion of eight glasses a day may still be a realistic goal. Athletes in training should target 80-90 ounces or more, depending on how much they are sweating. If urine appears dark yellow, water intake needs to be increased. The color of urine should typically be a pale yellow. One study documented that even experienced long distance runners did not always gauge how dehydrated they were [2]. Folks receiving bodywork therapies like massage or chiropractic treatments should also be drinking higher amounts of water to best utilize those therapies. Coffee drinkers need to limit their daily intake to 1-2 cups while meeting their water goals for the day.


    What type of water is best? These days, there is bottled water, flavored water, vitamin water and of course, tap water. The best source for drinking and cooking, is water filtered through a reverse osmosis system. This is a very high grade filter that can be installed under your kitchen sink by a local water company. Any other form of regular water, tap or bottled, is still better than a soda. Vitamin and specialty waters can become a problem due to added sugars. Others promise extra vitamins when in fact they contain very few. In truth, water doesn't need to provide anything other than water. It's important enough.
    The boom of bottled water, while it popularized hydration, also triggered a huge influx of plastic bottles being dumped into our environment, which allows certain chemicals, like phthalates, to leech into the ground, water and our bodies. These pose various risks including cancer. Try to transport water in stainless steel or glass bottles. If you have plastic bottles, don't allow them to sit in the sun. Also, don't use plastic to carry or heat water, as this might increase chemical leeching. Grab a glass, grab a pitcher; just be sure to drink in the natural gifts of water.

    
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    10/29/2013 1

    Balanced diet mean simply Taking different types of necessary nutrients for the body for Regular growth and development in the punctual time table in correct amount.This is essential to keep ourselves because Health is the welth.
    It's important to make sure that your diet is well balanced in order to achieve good health, and avoid long term diseases and illnesses. As our lives become busier, this can become more difficult, however this article will try to help you to understand the components of a balanced diet, why it's important, and how to apply this information to your every day life. This article discusses the five major food groups (Fruits and Vegetables, Protein, Dairy, Carbs, and Fatty and Sugary Foods).
    Method 1 of 5: Eat Fruits and Vegetables

    1.Fruit and vegetables: Despite this being one of the most important food groups, and having many health benefits, studies have shown that the majority of the population aren't eating enough of them. This is surprising considering the goodness it provides and huge variety available in shops nowadays. So, let's take a more detailed look at what this group is.
    • Why it's important:Fruits and vegetables provide your body with lots of vitamins and minerals which are hard to come by in other areas of your diet. They also have a high water and low fat content so are a good choice for snacks. Research has shown that a diet which lacks in this group of food can lead to diseases such as heart disease and even some cancers! A lack of it can also lead to high blood pressure and various vitamin deficiencies which result in a lowered immune system, and sometimes long-term illness. So as you can see, it's pretty important.
    • How much do you need:As you probably know, the general guideline is to eat at least five portions per day. These portions must be of five different fruits and vegetables to make sure that you get a variety of vitamins and minerals. To get the best variety, choose ones which are different colours, as generally, different colours give you different things. But how much is in a portion? A quick way to decide is to count one generous handful as a portion, but it does vary between different foods.
    • What foods is it in:Well obviously it's just fruits and vegetables, but there are many different ways to consume them. For example, vegetable soups, tinned fruits, smoothies, fruit juice, salad, dried fruit, and obviously, fresh food. In order to get the most goodness out of them, they are best eaten raw, or vegetables should be cooked by steaming them rather than boiling.
    • How to bring it into your diet:The easiest way to raise the amount of fruit and veg that you eat is to snack on them rather than chocolate and crisps. But as well as that, here are some simple ways to include fruits and vegetables in your diet;
      • Glass of fresh fruit juice with your breakfast.
      • Berries or other fruit sprinkled over your breakfast cereal.
      • Portion of dried fruit as a mid-morning snack
      • A salad with your lunch
      • A portion of steamed vegetables with your evening meal
      • Sweet fruit such as strawberries as a desert.
     These articles shows that A healthy diet is one that helps maintain or improve general health. A healthy diet provides the body with essential nutrition: fluid, adequate essential amino acids from protein,[1] essential fatty acids, vitamins, minerals, and adequate calories. The requirements for a healthy diet can be met from a variety of plant-based and animal-based foods. A healthy diet supports energy needs and provides for human nutrition without exposure to toxicity or excessive weight gain from consuming excessive amounts. Where lack of calories is not an issue, a properly balanced diet (in addition to exercise) is also thought to be important for lowering health risks, such as obesity, heart disease, type 2 diabetes, hypertension and cancer.[2]
    Various nutrition guides are published by medical and governmental institutions to educate the public on what they should be eating to promote health. Nutrition facts labels are also mandatory in some countries to allow consumers to choose between foods based on the components relevant to health.
    picture source: caloriecount.about.com
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